Combined with the multi-layer structural design of disposable puppy pads, their working principle can be divided into the following 5 core steps:
| Working Stage | Core Mechanism | Corresponding Material Layer | Effect |
| 1. Urine Reception & Diversion | After a dog urinates, the diamond-shaped liquid-diversion texture on the surface quickly disperses urine to avoid localized pooling. The long-fiber spunbond non-woven fabric is scratch-resistant, soft, non-sticky to fur, and enables rapid liquid penetration. | Non-woven Fabric + Tissue Paper | Urine quickly penetrates into the absorbent core, and the surface regains dryness rapidly. |
| 2. Absorption Acceleration | The virgin fluff pulp with a fluffy structure rapidly absorbs and retains urine. | Virgin Fluff Pulp | Accelerates urine absorption and retention, reducing the risk of side leakage. |
| 3. Liquid Locking (Core Step) | Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) expands instantly upon contact with urine, absorbing liquid hundreds of times its own weight and solidifying it into a gel. | Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) | Absorb and lock water to prevent backflow and leakage after compression |
| 4. Leakproof | The waterproof PE film at the bottom completely blocks liquid, preventing urine from seeping downward onto floors, carpets, and other surfaces. | Waterproof PE Film | Protects household environments and simplifies cleaning. |
| 5. Anti-Slip | The adhesive backing secures the pad in place to prevent shifting during use. | Adhesive Stickers | Keeps the pad stable while dogs move around, avoiding urine spillage. |
